The Dark History of ABA and Why It's Better Today
Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) therapy has helped countless individuals with autism. This treatment can help build communication skills, reduce dangerous behaviors, and gain independence. But it’s also true that ABA has a complicated history…. one that parents deserve to know about.
In this post, we’ll explore the roots of ABA, the concerns raised by autistic adults and advocates, and how modern ABA therapy has evolved for the better—especially here in Utah.
The Early Days of ABA: Rigid and Compliance-Focused
ABA therapy emerged in the 1960s and 70s, most notably through the work of Dr. Ivar Lovaas at UCLA. While his early research laid the foundation for using behavior science to teach children with autism, many of the methods used during that time are now considered outdated and even harmful.
Criticisms of early ABA include:
A heavy focus on compliance over connection
Use of aversive techniques, including shouting or slapping
Reinforcing “normal” or “indistinguishable” behaviors without respecting neurodiversity
Ignoring the emotional experiences of the child
Some autistic adults who received ABA decades ago describe it as traumatic. And while it’s important not to dismiss their experiences, it’s equally important to understand how much ABA has changed in the last 50 years.
The Shift Toward Compassionate, Person-Centered ABA
Today, the ABA field is dramatically different—and continuing to grow. Ethical guidelines, licensing requirements, and ongoing research have all contributed to better care. Here are a few key ways ABA has improved:
1. Focus on Consent and Collaboration
Modern ABA emphasizes respecting the client’s voice, working with families, and honoring a child’s preferences and boundaries.
2. Elimination of Aversives
Positive reinforcement is now the gold standard. Harmful techniques using painful or aversive stimuli should not be seen.
3. Respect for Neurodiversity
Modern providers understand that the goal is not to “normalize” autistic people, but to support independence, safety, and quality of life.
4. Individualized, Meaningful Goals
Today’s BCBAs work with families to develop goals that truly matter—whether that’s toilet training, making friends, or preparing for employment.
5. Play-Based and Naturalistic Approaches
Especially for young children, ABA often looks like guided play, not drills at a table. It can be fun, engaging, and emotionally supportive.
What to Look for in a Modern ABA Provider
If you’re seeking ABA therapy in Utah, here are some signs of a provider aligned with current best practices:
They are licensed by the Utah Department of Health and Human Services (look for a Day Treatment license)
They avoid compliance-based language and instead emphasize teaching and support
They involve families in the treatment planning process
They focus on functional skills, not making a child look “less autistic”
They welcome feedback from both clients and caregivers
Conclusion: A Field That’s Still Evolving
ABA therapy, like any field, has grown from its past. While we can’t change history, we can learn from it. The best ABA providers today are committed to compassionate, evidence-based, and person-centered care—the kind that respects each person’s humanity while helping them reach their full potential.
Looking for an ABA provider in Utah that practices this modern approach? Nova Supports offers developmentally appropriate, play-based therapy for toddlers, children, teens, and adults across the state.
